Difference between revisions of "Koine Greek: Nouns"
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* ελπιδας (Acc, Plu) | * ελπιδας (Acc, Plu) | ||
+ | In the plural dative form of these nouns the stem is sometimes modified | ||
+ | * If the final vowel of the root ends in '''β''' or '''π''' or '''φ''' then this becomes '''ψ''' | ||
+ | * If the final vowel of the root ends in '''γ''' or '''κ''' or '''χ''' then this becomes '''χ''' | ||
+ | * If the final vowel of the root ends in '''τ''' or '''δ''' or '''ζ''' or '''θ''' then this becomes '''σ''' | ||
+ | For example the dative plural of '''ελπις''' is '''ελπισι''' and not '''ελπιδσι''' | ||
====Third Declension Neuter Nouns==== | ====Third Declension Neuter Nouns==== |
Revision as of 12:29, 18 September 2007
Synopsis: A noun, in basic terms, is a word that is a thing or an object or a concept. Examples include words like book (Βιβλιον) which is a thing or an object, and love (Αγαπη) which is a abstract concept or an idea. Unlike English, in Koine Greek, nouns decline, that is, they undergo changes in their form depending upon their use in a sentence.
Contents
Related topics
Comments, Personal Articles, Studies and Sermons
Koine Greek: Nouns (discussion) (For short comments and opinions)
Lesson
A noun, in basic terms, is a word that is a thing or an object or a concept.
Examples include words like book (Βιβλιον) which is a thing or an object, and love (Αγαπη) which is a abstract concept or an idea.
Function of nouns in a sentence
Unlike English, in Koine Greek, nouns decline, that is, they undergo changes in their form depending upon their use in a sentence.
In Greek, nouns are classified as one of the following
- Nominative (the subject of a verb)
- Accusative (usually the direct object of a verb)
- Dative (usually the indirect object of a verb)
- Genitive (usually representing possession, or qualifying another noun)
- Vocative (a form of address)
Nouns can also be related to a preposition
Subjects of a verb and the nominative case
Objects of a verb and the accusative case
Indirect objects and the dative case
Qualifying and the genitive case
Prepositions
Definite and Indefinite Articles
Abstract nouns
Declensions
First Declension Feminine Nouns
Second Declension Masculine Nouns
Second Declension Neuter Nouns
Third Declension Feminine and Masculine Nouns
Third Declension Nouns are those that are not First or Second Declension. Various irregular forms exist, however most follow a standard pattern with a variable nominative case.
The stem of the verb is seen in the genitive case, not the nominative case.
The paradigm is as follows: variable ος ι α ες ων σι ας
For example the feminie noun ελπις (hope) declines as follows
- ελπις (Nom, Sing)
- ελπιδος (Gen, Sing)
- ελπιδα (Dat, Sing)
- ελπιδι (Acc, Sing)
- ελπιδες (Nom, Plu)
- ελπιδων (Gen, Plu)
- ελπισι (Dat, Plu)
- ελπιδας (Acc, Plu)
In the plural dative form of these nouns the stem is sometimes modified
- If the final vowel of the root ends in β or π or φ then this becomes ψ
- If the final vowel of the root ends in γ or κ or χ then this becomes χ
- If the final vowel of the root ends in τ or δ or ζ or θ then this becomes σ
For example the dative plural of ελπις is ελπισι and not ελπιδσι
Third Declension Neuter Nouns
Adjectives
Quotes
Links
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